Table of Contents for 17 April 2015; Vol. 348, No. 6232

Sponsored by BIOtech Japan 2015 – 14th Int’l Bio Technology Exhibition & Conference


Science/AAAS Science

Table of Contents
 

04/17/15 Volume 348, Issue 6232


In this week’s issue:


Research Summaries

Editor summaries of this week’s papers.

Highlights of the recent literature.


Editorial


In Brief

A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.


In Depth

Conservation

Without snowmelt, streams in the western U.S. could reach lethal temperatures.

Faculty Hiring

Female candidates twice as likely to get top rating.

Arctic Policy

Climate, marine conservation, and renewable energy priorities as U.S. ascends to chair of Arctic Council.

Planetary Science

Planetary collision dated through analysis of meteorites.

Sanitation

New work suggests that subsidies to the poor to buy latrines could help end open defecation.

Particle Physics

Closure after radiation leak ended up hampering some teams more than others.


Feature

An unprecedented collaboration may solve one of the greatest mysteries of domestication.

Scientists are coming to a consensus about how canines evolved.


Working Life


Letters

Outside the Tower


Books et al.

Animal Disease Control

Lessons from America’s early efforts to control livestock diseases.

History of Science

Looking back at the theories that shaped modern evolutionary biology

A listing of books received at Science during the week ending 10 April 2015.


Policy Forum

Conservation

Widely used trade codes lack taxonomic granularity

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Perspectives

Evolution

Oxytocin facilitates social connections between humans and dogs [Also see Report by Nagasawa et al.]

Infectious Disease

Broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are under development to treat emerging viral diseases such as Ebola and dengue for which no specific, licensed treatments exist

Developmental Biology

A fibroblast lineage is characterized by an inherent ability to form scar tissue in skin [Also see Research Article by Rinkevich et al.]

Neuroscience

A drug that crosses the blood-brain barrier has therapeutic potential for central nervous system trauma [Also see Report by Ruschel et al.]

Applied Optics

Enhanced optical fields in nanoplasmonic systems provide efficient sensing and detection

Structural Biology

The mitochondrial ribosome has evolved structural differences from its cytosolic counterpart [Also see Report by Greber et al.]

Oceanography

Dissolved organic matter in much of the deep ocean is too dilute to be consumed by microbes [Also see Report by Arrieta et al.]


Reviews

The demands of a marine environment induced similar adaptations across multiple invasions of different vertebrate groups.


Research Articles

The protein-synthesizing machinery of mammalian mitochondria differs substantially from bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes. [Also see Perspective by Beckmann and Hermann]

An embryonic fibroblast lineage deposits connective tissue in wounds. [Also see Perspective by Sennett and Rendl]


Reports

Torodial images of adsorbed metal atoms and clusters reflect their bonding symmetry.

A polarized signal offers evidence for the agent that boosts and guides powerful jets in a distant active galaxy.

Mapping star-forming activity and densities shows an evolutionary connection between galaxies at z ~ 2.2 and those 10 million years later.

Quantum oscillation measurements track the doping dependence of the effective electron mass in the cuprate YBa2Cu3O6+δ.

Impact heating caused by ejecta from a giant impact event confirms its timing through comparison of models and meteorites.

Warming in the Arctic has contributed to more extreme summer weather in the Northern Hemisphere.

Ice shelves around much of Antarctica have been thinning over the past two decades.

Dilution is the reason why dissolved organic carbon in the deep ocean is not readily consumed by microbes. [Also see Perspective by Middleburg]

The human-dog bond is facilitated by the interaction of oxytocin feedback loops that emerged over the course of domestication. [Also see Perspective by MacLean and Hare]

Experiments in grassland show that ecosystem stability is affected more by changes in biodiversity than in productivity.

Stem cells preferentially select new rather than old mitochondria as they divide.

Locking a conformation into place with a cross-linker turns a DNA unzipping enzyme into a superhelicase.

Stabilizing microtubules after a spinal cord injury reduces the migratory activity of scar-forming meningeal fibroblasts. [Also see Perspective by Tran and Silver]

Both structure and function can be studied at the same time while an enzyme unzips DNA.


Technical Comments


Podcast

On this week’s show: The human-dog bond, a roundup of daily news stories.


New Products

A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.


From the AAAS Office of Publishing and Member Services

Business Office Feature

 
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Science Express Notification for 17 April 2015

Sponsored by Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists
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Science/AAAS Science

Science Express
 

04/17/15 Volume 348, Issue 6232

New Science Express articles have been made available:


Research Articles


Reports


Sponsored by Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists
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Science Latest News

 

Latest News and Headlines

15 April 2015

 

 

 

Love hormone turns mothers into moms
 

 
 

 

 

Video: A camera that powers itself
 

 
 

 

 

Subtly shifted star could force rethink of dark matter
 

 
 

 

 

Bone worms feasted on ancient sea monsters
 

 
 

 

 

Second Ebola vaccine trial may be too little, too late
 

 
 

 

 

World’s oldest stone tools discovered in Kenya
 

 
 

 

 

Lawmakers want to know: Do U.S. women face bias in winning federal research grants?
 

 
 

 

 

Withholding results from clinical trials is unethical, says WHO
 

 
 

 

 

Artificial trachea pioneer cleared in first of two misconduct cases
 

 
 

 

 

How sea snails learned to gobble fish
 

 
 

 

 

Women best men in STEM faculty hiring study
 

 
 

 

 

Blue lights could prevent bird strikes
 

 
 

 

 

Monkey deaths prompt probe of Harvard primate facility
 

 
 

 

 

 

 
 

 

   

 

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Sci Transl Med Table of Contents for 15 April 2015; Vol. 7, No. 283

Sponsored by Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology


Science/AAAS Science Translational Medicine

Table of Contents
 

04/15/15 Volume 7, Issue 283


GTC

Science Translational Medicine is pleased to sponsor the GTC European Pharma Summit (5-8 May, 2015 Berlin, Germany). Register today!

DMM

Join Science Translational Medicine in Stockholm, Sweden, May 7-8, for Days of Molecular Medicine 2015

Biomedical

Last chance to register for Bridging Biomedical Worlds “From Neural Circuitry to Neurotechnology” in Tokyo.

<!–EC–>

Science Translational Medicine welcomes our 2015 Associate Scientific Advisors.

<!–Cancer–>

The focus of this week’s issue is cancer to coincide with the AACR annual meeting

In this week’s issue:


Research Articles

CANCER

Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway results in induction of ER-dependent transcriptional activity and susceptibility to anti-estrogen therapy in ER-positive breast cancer.

CANCER

Cyclic dinucleotide formulated cancer vaccine combined with PD-1 blockade can induce regression of tumors that do not express PD-L1 constitutively.

CANCER

Analysis of matched tumor and normal DNA from the same patient improves accuracy of identification of actionable mutations, allowing better targeting of potential treatments.

CANCER

Pan-cancer analysis of tumor subclonal structures uncovers widespread intratumor heterogeneity in actionable driver events and reveals mutational processes fueling their selection.

CANCER

Natural killer cell activity and NKp30/B7-H6 interaction are prognostic biomarkers in high-risk neuroblastoma patients.


Perspective

CANCER

Three-dimensional culture models can represent cancer and its microenvironment and provide a platform for pharmaceutical testing.


Review

HEALTH CARE

Mobile technologies can transform clinical research and health care worldwide—and save money.


Editors’ Choice

OBESITY

Inhibiting PI3K signaling in obese mice and rhesus monkeys safely reduced adiposity and metabolic abnormalities.

COLORECTAL CANCER

A sequencing study defines resistance mechanisms to BRAF inhibition in colorectal tumors and reveals a possible Achilles’ heel.

BIOMATERIALS

Sophisticated imaging reveals that the shape of implanted biomaterials determines their ability to support blood vessel growth.

CANCER

A microfluidic assay enables multiplexed single-cell analysis of metabolites and proteins in glioblastoma cells.

 
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The ethics of withholding clinical trial results, bias in winning research grants, & more

 

Latest News and Headlines

14 April 2015

 

 

 

Second Ebola vaccine trial may be too little, too late
 

 
 

 

 

World’s oldest stone tools discovered in Kenya
 

 
 

 

 

Lawmakers want to know: Do U.S. women face bias in winning federal research grants?
 

 
 

 

 

Withholding results from clinical trials is unethical, says WHO
 

 
 

 

 

Artificial trachea pioneer cleared in first of two misconduct cases
 

 
 

 

 

How sea snails learned to gobble fish
 

 
 

 

 

Women best men in STEM faculty hiring study
 

 
 

 

 

Blue lights could prevent bird strikes
 

 
 

 

 

Monkey deaths prompt probe of Harvard primate facility
 

 
 

 

 

Saturns great white spots linked to water
 

 
 

 

 

Research advocates watch, warily, as Congress tries to finish its budget outline
 

 
 

 

 

Top stories: Humans are still evolving, Brontosaurus makes a comeback, and more
 

 
 

 

 

Smart phones could be used to detect earthquakes
 

 
 

 

 

 

 
 

 

   

 

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Science Signaling Table of Contents for 14 April 2015; Volume 8, Issue 372

Sponsored by Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.


Science/AAAS Science Signaling

Table of Contents
 

04/14/15 Volume 8, Issue 372


<!–gtc–> Science Signaling is pleased to sponsor the GTC European Pharma Summit in Berlin, Germany, 5-8 May 2015. Register today!<!–
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In this week’s issue:


Focus

Physiology

mTORC1 inhibitors may prevent hemoglobin production, thus potentially explaining why their use can be associated with anemias.


Research Articles

Physiology

Inadequate leucine uptake by maturing red blood cells limits the production of hemoglobin.

DNA Damage

The kinase CK2 promotes the nuclear function of the deubiquitylase OTUB1 in DNA damage repair.

Microbiology

Changes in the fatty acid composition of the plasma membrane in an opportunistic pathogen promote biofilm formation.


Podcasts

Microbiology

Altered fatty acid metabolism enhances the ability of a disease-associated strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form biofilms.


Editors’ Choice

Mechanotransduction

Different configurations of the integrin-talin-vinculin complex may enable talin to sense the different forces in developing tissues.

Neuroscience

Drugs targeting β-arrestin–biased signaling by β-adrenergic receptors may be helpful in memory-related disorders.

Biochemistry

The unexpected E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of a histone demethylase suppresses cancer cell growth.

Cancer

The anticancer drug imatinib dampens its own toxicity by inducing a feedback loop that promotes proliferative signaling by fibroblast growth factor.

Developmental Biology

Cleavage of Slit generates a membrane-associated N-terminal fragment that halts muscle migration in fly embryos.

Cancer Immunology

Vitamin D promotes tumoricidal activity of macrophages and improves the efficacy of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Pharmacology

Sephin1 selectively inhibits a protein phosphatase to prevent two protein misfolding diseases in mice.

Biochemistry

The basis of an important enzyme-target recognition strategy is revealed at the single-molecule level.

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Latest from Science News: Comet 67P shows no sign of magnetism

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04/14/2015

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Comet 67P shows no sign of magnetism

BY Christopher Crockett,

Philae found no evidence of a magnetic field on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, but did send back some clues about its rough landing. Read More

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Afterglow alerts astronomers to gamma-ray burst

BY Andrew Grant,

Astronomers have spotted the remnant glow from a gamma-ray burst without first observing its beam of high-energy gamma rays. Read More

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Marijuana component fights epilepsy

BY Nathan Seppa,

A buzz-free extract of marijuana could help epilepsy patients whose seizures resist other treatments. Read More

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Hi guys ,
        I know it has been a long time since we were active and we have found your dislike via the
un-likes and abandoned visits we had but it was just due to the annual exam of tenth std I had all of you might have for a student studies is the first priority and later comes all . now I am happy to inform you that all that is over now and we are going active forever .Anyway I thank all of you for you never ending support and hope that it would continue.
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