Sci Transl Med Table of Contents for 15 July 2015; Vol. 7, No. 296

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Science Translational Medicine

Table of Contents

07/15/15

Volume 7, Issue 296

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Congratulations to Nicholas Navin from MD Anderson Cancer Center on winning the 2015 AAAS Martin and Rose Wachtel Cancer Research Award, and to the runners up, Agnel Sfeir (NYU) and Nitzan Rosenfeld (Cambridge).

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Join us for the AAAS Martin and Rose Wachtel Cancer Research Award Ceremony at NCI and hear winner Nicholas Navin talk about his research on single-cell DNA analysis.

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Science Translational Medicine welcomes our 2015 Associate Scientific Advisors.

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The focus of this week’s issue is cancer to coincide with the AACR annual meeting

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In this week’s issue:

Research Articles

GENE THERAPY Plasticity of the human visual system after retinal gene therapy in patients with Leber’s congenital amaurosis Manzar Ashtari et al. Imaging reveals increased structural and functional plasticity in human visual pathways after retinal gene therapy. MALARIA A long-duration dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor (DSM265) for prevention and treatment of malaria Margaret A. Phillips et al. The antimalarial drug DSM265 displays activity against blood and liver stages of Plasmodium falciparum and has a long predicted half-life in humans. HIV HLA class II genes modulate vaccine-induced antibody responses to affect HIV-1 acquisition Heather A. Prentice et al. HLA class II modulated the quantity, quality, and efficacy of antibody responses in the RV144 HIV vaccine trial.

Editorial

REGULATORY SCIENCE FDA as a catalyst for translation Robert M. Califf and Stephen Ostroff The FDA seeks to leverage modern scientific and technological knowledge to accelerate translation.

Focus

CANCER Delineating cancer evolution with single-cell sequencing Nicholas E. Navin Single-cell sequencing methods are revolutionizing cancer research and medicine by providing powerful tools to investigate intratumor heterogeneity and rare subpopulations.

Editors’ Choice

NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE Detecting mutant huntingtin protein in HD patients Kristen Brennand Mutant huntingtin protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Huntington’s disease can seed prion-like protein propagation. APLASTIC ANEMIA Clone wars Grzegorz Nalepa Dynamic expansion of genetically unstable cells drives disease outcome in aplastic anemia. GASTROINTESTINAL AUTOIMMUNITY AIREing out the gut Giovanni Traverso Loss of AIRE-mediated immune tolerance leads to paneth cell disruption in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy. INFECTIOUS DISEASE Two-pronged approach to prevent pneumonia Taia T. Wang A bivalent vaccine protects against influenza virus and the bacterium Streptococcus pneumonia.

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*New Science/AAAS and Science Signaling* Webinar Part 4: Targeting Cancer Pathways: The Epigenetics Question** Wednesday, August 12, 2015, at 9 a.m. Pacific, 12 noon Eastern, 5 p.m. UK, 6 p.m. Central Europe What is the role of epigenetics in cancer? Watch this webinar to find out what leaders in the field have found. Register TODAY: webinar.sciencemag.org Produced by the Science/AAAS Custom Publishing Office and sponsored by Cell Signaling Technology.

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Send me a F#ckFriends request so we can hook up My usename is BoogieBear001 my profile is here TALK WITH ME

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NASA flies by Pluto, primitive human hands, & a new HIV/AIDS report card

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Latest News and Headlines

14 July 2015

APA overhauling policies and leadership after torture report

Plutos ices may snow down on its nearby moon

Plutos icy face revealed as New Horizons flyby occurs

A New Planet Beyond Neptune: The year we discovered Pluto

Humans have more primitive hands than chimpanzees

Iran nuclear deal opens door to scientific collaborations

New report card on global HIV/AIDS epidemic

New Horizons is only one of more than a dozen instruments trained on Pluto this week

Pluto confirmed as largest object in Kuiper belt

Supporters defend threatened health research agency

Death toll from sudden temperature swings may surpass AIDS

Illinois science museum is pawn in budget fight

Climate change may lengthen flight times

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Science Signaling Table of Contents for 14 July 2015; Volume 8, Issue 385

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Science Signaling

Table of Contents

07/14/15

Volume 8, Issue 385

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In this week’s issue:

Focus

Immunology The rise in computational systems biology approaches for understanding NF-κB signaling dynamics Richard A. Williams et al. The combination of mathematical modeling with imaging experiments helps to interpret how NF-κB signaling is controlled.

Research Articles

Immunology Distinct single-cell signaling characteristics are conferred by the MyD88 and TRIF pathways during TLR4 activation Zhang Cheng et al. Mathematical modeling and imaging analysis reveal the relative contributions of two adaptor proteins to the activation of NF-κB in macrophages. Angiogenesis The interaction of heparan sulfate proteoglycans with endothelial transglutaminase-2 limits VEGF₁₆₅-induced angiogenesis Nathan Beckouche et al. Transglutaminase-2 attenuates blood vessel formation by preventing heparan sulfate from potentiating signaling by a VEGF isoform.

Reviews

Cancer Reserve stem cells: Differentiated cells reprogram to fuel repair, metaplasia, and neoplasia in the adult gastrointestinal tract Jason C. Mills and Owen J. Sansom Mechanisms of cellular reprogramming fuel cancer development and progression in the gastrointestinal tract.

Editors’ Choice

Physiology Periodic dieting promotes health Annalisa M. VanHook Adherence to a periodic fast-mimicking diet improves health and promotes longevity. Cancer Increasing ATP release to increase metastasis Wei Wong A truncated form of the ATP-releasing channel PANX1 enhances the survival of metastasizing breast cancer cells in the microvasculature. Neuroscience Awake, but not hyperactive Nancy R. Gough Neurons that control wakefulness release both stimulating and inhibiting signals to prevent hyperactivity. Immunology Limiting innate overreaction Leslie K. Ferrarelli Some people are less susceptible to a hyperactive inflammatory response due to a polymorphism in the E3 ubiquitin ligase HECTD2. Plant Immunity Immunity pipelines Annalisa M. VanHook Factors important for the plant immune response are transferred from chloroplasts to nuclei through stromules. Immunology Single-cell measurements map immunity L. Bryan Ray Cytometry meets mass spectrometry to create a functional map of the immune system. Structural Biology Structure of a sterol sensor Valda Vinson The structure of a bacterial homolog of insulin-induced trans-membrane sterol receptors elucidates their structure and function. Neuroscience Microglia get a gut feeling Sudhakaran Prabakaran Gut microbes promote the maturation and activation of microglia in the brain through the production of short-chain fatty acids.

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Pluto’s size confirmed, how climate change will change flights, & more

July 14, 2015July 14, 2015 / bharathkrishnan240 / Leave a comment

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Latest News and Headlines

13 July 2015

Pluto confirmed as largest object in Kuiper belt

Supporters defend threatened health research agency

Death toll from sudden temperature swings may surpass AIDS

Illinois science museum is pawn in budget fight

Climate change may lengthen flight times

21st Century Cures bill sails through House

Top stories: Bumblebees in trouble, memory loss, and energy-boosting enzymes

Getting lessons in leadership from hungry fish

Engaging new scientific horizons

#PlutoFlyby!

Early jellyfish-like creatures sported armor

Use of regulated animals in U.S. biomedical research falls to lowest levels on record

Natural rock near Naples, Italy, may have inspired Roman concrete

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Latest from Science News: Sugar makes mice sleepy

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07/14/2015

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News

Sugar makes mice sleepy

BY Laura Sanders, Jul 14, 2015 06:00 am

A new study reveals how a sugary meal can lead to slumber. Read More

News

Mission to Pluto: Live coverage

BY Christopher Crockett, Jul 13, 2015 11:15 pm

The New Horizons spacecraft is scheduled to fly by Pluto on July 14. Check back often for frequent updates on the status of the mission, updates from mission control, and the latest images. Read More

News

Potential pain treatment’s mechanism deciphered

BY Sarah Schwartz, Jul 13, 2015 04:00 pm

Scientists have new insight as to how a class of environment-sensing bone marrow cells can help safely relieve pain. Read More

More Headlines from Science News

News in Brief

Mutation-disease link masked in zebrafish

Zebrafish study shows organisms can work around DNA mutations. Read More

By Tina Hesman Saey, Jul 13, 2015 11:00 am

News

Swimming bacteria remove resistance to flow

The collective motion of swimming bacteria can virtually eliminate a water-based solution’s resistance to flow. Read More

By Andrew Grant, Jul 13, 2015 08:00 am

50 Years Ago

Flame-finding pistols set off decades of blazing technology

Researchers unveiled a gun-shaped flame detector in 1965 Read More

By Beth Mole, Jul 13, 2015 07:00 am

Wild Things

Children’s classic ‘Watership Down’ is based on real science

The novel ‘Watership Down’ is the tale of a bunch of anthropomorphized rabbits. Their language may be unreal, but the animals’ behavior was rooted in science. Read More

By Sarah Zielinski, Jul 12, 2015 10:34 am

Reviews & Previews

Flowers’ roles considered in ecosystems and economics

In ‘The Reason for Flowers’, a pollination ecologist chronicles the science and culture of blossoms from the dawn of humanity. Read More

By Sid Perkins, Jul 12, 2015 09:03 am

Feature

Pluto: A timeline of 85 years of discovery

Several observations in the last 85 years have given astronomers a little more information about Pluto, and the July 2015 flyby will offer the closest look yet at the solar system’s far-flung satellite. Read More

By Christopher Crockett, Jul 11, 2015 02:03 pm

Feature

The arrow of time

Gravity may explain how time always runs forward, even though the laws of physics should permit it to run backward. Read More

By Andrew Grant, Jul 10, 2015 02:23 pm